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A termite nest can be considered as being composed of two components, the inanimate and the animate. The animate is all the termites living inside the colony, and the inanimate part is that the construction itself, which can be constructed by the termites. Nests can be broadly divided into three main categories: subterranean (entirely below ground), epigeal (protruding above the soil surface), and arboreal (constructed above ground, but constantly connected to the ground via shelter tubes).184 Epigeal nests (mounds) protrude from the ground with ground contact and are created from earth and sand.

Most termites construct underground colonies rather than multifunctional nests and mounds.186 Primitive termites of now nest in wooden constructions such as logs, stumps and the dead parts of trees, as did termites millions of years ago.184.

To build their nests, termites mostly use faeces, which have many desirable properties as a construction material. Other building materials include partially digested plant material, used in carton nests (arboreal nests built from faecal elements and wood), and dirt, utilized in subterranean nest and mound construction. Not all nests are visible, as many nests in tropical forests are situated underground.186 Species in the subfamily Apicotermitinae are great examples of subterranean nest contractors, since they only dwell inside tunnels.

Nests and mounds shield the termites' soft bodies against desiccation, light, pathogens and parasites, in addition to providing a fortification against predators.188 Nests made from carton are particularly weak, and thus the inhabitants utilize counter-attack strategies against invading predators. .

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Arboreal carton nests of mangrove swamp-dwelling Nasutitermes are enriched in lignin and depleted in cellulose and xylans. This change results from bacterial decay in the intestine of their termites: they utilize their faeces as a carton building material. Arboreal termites nests can account for up to 2% of above ground carbon monoxide in Puerto Rican mangrove swamps.

Some species build complex nests called polycalic nests; this habitat is known as polycalism. Polycalic species of termites form multiple nests, or calies, connected with subterranean chambers.107 The termite genera Apicotermes and Trinervitermes are known to possess polycalic species.191 Polycalic nests seem useful link to be frequent in mound-building species although polycalic arboreal nests have been observed in a few species of Nasutitermes.191.

Nests are considered mounds should they protrude from the planet's surface. A mound provides termites exactly the exact same protection for a nest but is stronger.189 Mounds found in regions having torrential and continuous rainfall are in danger of mound erosion due to their clay-rich construction. Those made from carton can offer protection from the rain, and in fact can withstand high precipitation.

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By way of instance, Cubitermes colonies build narrow tunnels utilized as strong points, as the diameter of the tunnels is small enough for soldiers to block.192 A highly protected chamber, visit this website known as the"queens cell", houses the queen and king and is employed as a last line of defence. .

Species in the genus Macrotermes arguably build the most complicated structures in the insect world, constructing enormous mounds. These mounds are among the largest in the world, reaching a height of 8 to 9 metres (26 to 29 ft ), and consist of chimneys, pinnacles and ridges.56 Another termite species, Amitermes meridionalis, can build nests 3 to 4 metres (9 to 13 ft ) high and 2.5 metres (8 feet) wide.

The sculptured mounds occasionally have elaborate and distinctive types, such as the ones of the compass termite (Amitermes meridionalis and A. laurensis), which builds tall, wedge-shaped mounds using the long axis oriented about northsouth, which gives them their common name.194195 This orientation has been experimentally shown to help thermoregulation. The north-south orientation causes the internal temperature of a mound to increase quickly during the morning while avoiding overheating from the midday sun.

Termites construct shield tubes, also known as earthen tubes or sand tubes, that start in the ground. These shield tubes can be found on walls and other structures.197 Constructed by termites during the night, a time of higher humidity, these tubes offer protection to termites from potential predators, especially ants.198 Shelter tubes also give high humidity and darkness and allow workers to collect food sources that cannot be obtained in any other way.197 These passageways are produced from soil and faeces and are normally brown in color.

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They range from less than 1 cm to several cm in width, but might extend dozens of yards in length.198.

Owing to their own wood-eating habits, many termite species can do significant harm to unprotected buildings and other wooden structures.199 Termites play an important function as decomposers of wood and vegetative material, and the conflict with humans occurs where structures and landscapes containing structural wood components, cellulose derived structural materials and ornamental vegetation provide termites with a trusted source of food and moisture.200;Their custom of remaining concealed often results in their presence being news undetected until the timbers are severely damaged, leaving a thin layer of a wall that protects them from the environment.201 Of the 3,106 species known, only 183 species cause harm; 83 species cause significant damage to wooden structures.199 In North America, 18 subterranean species are pests202; in Australia, 16 species possess an economic impact; in the Indian subcontinent 26 species are considered pests, and in tropical Africa, 24.